3 Ways of Working
12 sub-clusters · 133 referencesAttainment of an understanding of how research is conducted, managed and disseminated. There are 12 sub-clusters which aim to further parse the learning and teaching process:
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Qualitative research
5 / 5This section includes key introductory and methodological texts on designing and conducting qualitative research. These sources provide guidance on research planning, data collection, analysis techniques, and theoretical foundations relevant for beginners and experienced researchers alike.
Introducing Qualitative Research: A Student's Guide
This student-oriented guide provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and implementing qualitative research methods, from epistemological foundations to data generation and analysis. It serves as a pedagogical resource that maps out complex research designs, including action research and mixed methods, for those new to the field.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. SAGE Publications. ISBN: 9781847875815
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2023). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Designing Qualitative Research
This resource offers a systematic approach to the planning and execution of qualitative studies, focusing on the alignment between research questions and methodological choices. It addresses crucial aspects of the research process, including sampling strategies, quality criteria, and the integration of diverse data types through triangulation.
Kumar, R. (2019). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
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Adversarial collaborations
6 / 6Adversarial collaborations typically include two (or more) groups of researchers addressing the same research question with conflicting hypotheses - e.g., one group expects an effect to exist, while another does not.
Testing competing models of loss aversion: an adversarial collaboration
This resource provides an empirical demonstration of an adversarial collaboration used to resolve long-standing theoretical disagreements regarding models of loss aversion. It illustrates how researchers with conflicting hypotheses can jointly design and conduct experiments to move a niche research area forward despite fundamental differences in perspective.
Adversarial Collaboration: The Next Science Reform
This publication advocates for the widespread adoption of adversarial collaboration as a foundational reform to improve scientific integrity and reduce confirmation bias across disciplines. It argues that pre-committing to research designs with intellectual opponents is a superior method for resolving scientific disputes compared to traditional adversarial debate.
The Tone Debate: Knowledge, Self, and Social Order
This resource explores the sociological and ethical dimensions of scientific critique, specifically focusing on the 'tone debate' that emerged during the replication crisis in psychology. It examines how researchers attempt to manage interpersonal conflict and professional standards through informal codes of conduct and social media engagement.
Kahneman, D. (2003). Experiences of Collaborative Research. American Psychologist, 58(9), 723–730. https://oce-ovid-com.utrechtuniversity.idm.oclc.org/article/00000487-200309000-00003/HTML
Make science more collegial: why the time for ‘adversarial collaboration’ has come
This piece makes a persuasive case for incorporating adversarial collaboration into standard research workflows to foster a more collegial and less polarized scientific environment. It highlights the strategic benefits of direct cooperation between rivals for increasing the credibility of research findings and accelerating scientific progress.
Publication Pressure and Scientific Misconduct in Medical Scientists
This scoping review maps and categorizes existing guidance documents and practices used by research organizations and funders to promote research integrity. It identifies common themes and gaps in current integrity promotion strategies, providing a comprehensive catalog of how research integrity is institutionalized across various organizations.
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Big team science
12 / 12In big team science (sometimes referred to as “team science”), many researchers pool their resources to solve a problem or answer a research question together, usually resulting in one or several outputs that all researchers involved gain authorship on. Big team science projects can either be coordinated by an organisation (e.g. ManyBabies), or can be run independently by a group of researchers.
Towards a culture of open scholarship: the role of pedagogical communities
This resource argues for the critical role of teaching and mentorship in establishing a sustainable culture of open scholarship and research integrity. It specifically calls on institutions and stakeholders to integrate open science principles into pedagogical practices to ensure that the next generation of researchers is equipped with the skills for reproducible research.
Research Without Borders: How to Identify and Overcome Potential Pitfalls in International Large-Team Online Research Projects
This case study identifies practical pitfalls and solutions associated with managing international, large-scale research collaborations via online surveys. It provides specific guidance for researchers on navigating cross-cultural collaboration and logistical challenges during the design and implementation phases of meta-scientific projects.
How to build up big team science: a practical guide for large-scale collaborations
This resource provides a comprehensive practical framework for launching and managing big team science projects based on insights from diverse multi-disciplinary initiatives. It addresses essential organizational elements including team recruitment, leadership structures, governance, and the selection of collaborative digital tools.
‘Big team’ science challenges us to reconsider authorship
This publication highlights the limitations of traditional authorship models when applied to large-scale, collaborative research efforts. It advocates for a fundamental shift toward more nuanced credit systems that accurately recognize the diverse and distributed contributions inherent in big team science.
Promoting Civility in Formal And Informal Open Science Contexts
This resource provides evidence-based strategies for fostering interpersonal civility within both formal and informal open science environments. It addresses how incivility acts as a barrier to inclusion and offers practical solutions to help organizations maintain respectful and equitable collaborative spaces.
The Road We Must Take: Multidisciplinary Team Science
This article advocates for a multidisciplinary team science approach to overcome the complexities of translational research and find lasting solutions to healthcare problems. It highlights the need for academic institutions to go beyond providing facilities by actively fostering and sustaining collaborative research teams.
The Benefits, Barriers, and Risks of Big-Team Science
This article identifies five core challenges in psychology, such as replicability and generalizability, and argues that they result from an insufficient investment of resources in individual studies. It advocates for the adoption of 'big-team science' as a structural solution that allows researchers to pool intellectual and material resources. The authors evaluate the trade-offs of this model, highlighting how it can improve the robustness of psychological research.
Forscher, P. S., Wagenmakers, E. J., DeBruine, L., Coles, N., Silan, M. A., & IJzerman, H. (2020). A Manifesto for Team Science.
Lakens, D., & Lieck, D. (2022). An Overview of Team Science Projects in the Social Behavioral Sciences. OSF.
https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WX4ZD
Crowdsourced research: Many hands make tight work
This resource argues that crowdsourcing research is a valuable tool for validating scientific findings and ensuring balanced academic discourse. It explains how involving diverse groups of researchers can produce more reliable results that are better suited to inform public policy decisions.
Publishing Research With Undergraduate Students via Replication Work: The Collaborative Replications and Education Project
This resource describes the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP), which provides a structured framework for incorporating high-quality replication research into undergraduate education. It outlines how the project benefits students by providing publication opportunities and practical training in open science practices.
Ten simple rules for socially responsible science
This paper provides a practical framework of ten guidelines aimed at helping researchers across disciplines minimize the indirect social harms caused by study design, reporting, and dissemination. It bridges the gap between traditional research ethics and broader social responsibility, offering actionable steps to prevent the stigmatization or marginalization of social groups.
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Community science
8 / 8Community science, sometimes called “citizen science”, is scientific research conducted, in whole or in part, by amateur (or non-professional) scientists. Community science is sometimes described as "public participation in scientific research," participatory monitoring, and participatory action research whose outcomes are often advancements in scientific research by improving the scientific community's capacity, as well as increasing the public's understanding of science.
Citizen Science: A Developing Tool for Expanding Science Knowledge and Scientific Literacy
This paper presents the nine-stage "Project Design and Implementation Model" for citizen science, offering a structured roadmap for developing large-scale public research collaborations. It provides practical insights derived from decades of experience at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, making it an actionable resource for researchers looking to design their own citizen-led projects.
Next Steps for Citizen Science
This article highlights the necessity of strategic funding and organizational infrastructure to scale citizen science initiatives effectively to their full potential. It argues for moving beyond project-level thinking toward a coordinated framework that supports data standards and systemic investment in citizen-based research.
Cohn, J. P. (2008). Citizen Science: Can Volunteers Do Real Research? BioScience, 58(3), 192–197.
https://doi.org/10.1641/B580303
Crowd science: The organization of scientific research in open collaborative projects
This paper provides a conceptual framework for understanding "crowd science," focusing on how open collaborative projects differ from traditional scientific organizational models. It characterizes projects based on their degrees of openness and participation, establishing a structured agenda for meta-research into these new modes of scientific production.
Citzen Science
This overview positions citizen science as a critical component of the broader open science and innovation landscape, driven by both technological advancement and societal demand for participation. It emphasizes the field's potential to transform tertiary education and provides a high-level summary of the benefits of integrating the public into scientific knowledge production.
Hart, D.D., and Silka, L. (2020). Rebuilding the Ivory Tower: A Bottom-Up Experiment in Aligning Research with Societal Needs. Issues in Science and Technology, 36(3), 64–70. https://issues.org/aligning-research-with-societal-needs/
Fieldwork: institutions can make it more ethical
This resource advocates for institutional-level changes to ensure that fieldwork is conducted ethically and sustainably, emphasizing the responsibility of research bodies to provide structural support. It highlights the need for institutions to move beyond individual compliance and establish frameworks that protect both researchers and the communities they engage with.
Open Citizen Science: fostering open knowledge with participation
This publication explores the intersection of citizen science and open science, examining how participatory research can foster open knowledge through transparent methodologies. It discusses the varying intensities of community involvement and the importance of adhering to shared scientific standards to ensure the public credibility of volunteer-led research.
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Environmental sustainability (e.g. conference travel, high performance computing, etc.)
6 / 6Examines the climate and environmental footprint of research workflows and infrastructures.
Spiral-scaling climate action: lessons from and for the academic flying less movement
This article analyzes the Academic Flying Less Movement to provide a conceptual framework for scaling individual environmental concerns into collective sectoral change. It draws on lessons from norm diffusion to suggest how scholarly communities can shift institutional practices away from high-carbon travel.
An analysis of ways to decarbonize conference travel after COVID-19
This study provides an empirical analysis of strategies for decarbonizing conference travel in the post-pandemic era, evaluating different travel and meeting models. It contributes evidence-based pathways for academic organizations to reduce their carbon footprint while maintaining the essential benefits of scientific exchange.
The Need for Sustainability, Equity, and International Exchange: Perspectives of Early Career Environmental Psychologists on the Future of Conferences
This resource presents a perspective from early career researchers on the need to reform conference travel practices to align with the intrinsic values of environmental psychology. It argues that moving toward sustainable and equitable conference models is essential for maintaining the discipline's scientific credibility and ensuring inclusive international exchange.
Carbon footprint estimation for computational research
This resource provides methodologies and frameworks for researchers to quantify the environmental impact of their data processing and high-performance computing tasks. It addresses the need for carbon transparency in computational science by offering specific estimation techniques to track the energy footprint of digital research workflows.
The Carbon Footprint of Conference Papers
This study provides empirical evidence on the environmental cost of academic travel by calculating the CO2 emissions associated specifically with presenting papers at scientific conferences. It contextualizes the impact of professional travel by comparing conference-related emissions to both global totals and individual annual carbon footprints.
Trend towards virtual and hybrid conferences may be an effective climate change mitigation strategy
This resource presents a comparative life cycle assessment of in-person, virtual, and hybrid conferences to identify the most effective strategies for mitigating climate change within the scientific community. It offers data-driven insights into the trade-offs between different event formats, highlighting the significant carbon reduction potential of transitioning to remote participation.
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Participatory research
12 / 12Participatory research, sometimes also referred to as co-production, is an umbrella term for methods in which views and engagement of interested parties from relevant communities (academic or otherwise) are included throughout the research process, from conception to dissemination.
Strengthening the Informed Consent Process in International Health Research through Community Engagement: The KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Experience
This publication provides a practical case study on adapting informed consent processes to suit specific local, social, and cultural contexts in international health research. It offers actionable insights into how community engagement can be used to redesign consent forms and administration procedures to be more ethically robust.
The Value and Challenges of Participatory Research: Strengthening Its Practice
This resource contributes an integrative practice framework consisting of five essential domains for designing, implementing, and evaluating participatory research partnerships. It provides a structured process for researchers to bridge the gap between academic study and community practice, focusing on shared control over health determinants and social justice.
Inclusive Practices for Neurodevelopmental Research
This resource provides a practical framework for implementing inclusive research designs within the field of neurodevelopmental studies. It outlines six specific considerations for ethical and effective collaboration between researchers and the neurodivergent community, drawing on both theoretical models and real-world project exemplars.
Opening up understanding of neurodiversity: A call for applying participatory and open scholarship practices
This work advocates for the integration of participatory research and open scholarship practices to address traditional power imbalances that marginalize neurodivergent individuals in academia. It emphasizes how collaborative methodologies can lead to more representative and ethically grounded knowledge production regarding neurodevelopmental diversity.
Involving Research Stakeholders in Developing Policy on Sharing Public Health Research Data in Kenya
This document establishes the formal principles of the Cape Town Statement, providing a policy framework for promoting fairness, equity, and diversity within the global research ecosystem. It serves as a normative guideline for institutions and researchers to align their collaborative practices with ethical standards of equity.
Research Stakeholders’ Views on Benefits and Challenges for Public Health Research Data Sharing in Kenya: The Importance of Trust and Social Relations
This study employs a deliberative qualitative approach to explore how research stakeholders in Kenya perceive the benefits and risks of sharing public health data. It identifies specific stakeholder concerns regarding fairness and interest protection, providing empirical evidence to inform data-sharing policies in low-to-middle income countries.
Engaging Communities to Strengthen Research Ethics in Low‐Income Settings: Selection and Perceptions of Members of a Network of Representatives in Coastal <scp>K</scp>enya
This resource examines the relational dimensions of data sharing in Kenya, highlighting how structural inequities necessitate the building of trust between researchers and communities. It identifies practical ways to foster this trust, such as involving the public in policy development and creating partnerships between researchers and government health authorities.
Interlinking open science and community-based participatory research for socio-environmental issues
This resource introduces a theoretical framework that interlinks Open Science with community-based participatory research to address socio-environmental issues. It provides four practical strategies, including the 'transcend method' and FAIR data visualization, designed to bridge gaps between diverse stakeholders and empower marginalized voices.
Consulting communities on feedback of genetic findings in international health research: sharing sickle cell disease and carrier information in coastal Kenya
This resource provides a conceptual exploration of the relationship between research integrity and research fairness, addressing stakeholder concerns that these two principles may be in conflict. It offers an analytical framework to harmonize these concepts, arguing for a more integrated understanding of responsible research conduct.
Martinez-Vargas, C. (2022). Democratising Participatory Research.
https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0273
What Are Fair Study Benefits in International Health Research? Consulting Community Members in Kenya
This study presents empirical findings from community consultations in Kenya to understand local perspectives on research benefits and participant compensation. The evidence suggests that concerns regarding 'undue inducement' are often secondary to local priorities of fairness and the addressing of structural poverty.
Pham, J., Perry-Wilson, T., Holmes, K., Schroeder, G., Reyes, A., & Pollok, M. (2025). The power of decolonizing research practices. The Professional Counselor, 15(1). https://tpcjournal.nbcc.org/the-power-of-decolonizing-research-practices
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Public and Private Partnerships
12 / 12Academia is but one avenue for knowledge production. In fact, research happens in a variety of contexts. Open science practitioners who conduct research with public and private partners need to be aware of the challenges and opportunities that arise when working within these spaces.
Framing Power: Tracing Key Discourses in Open Science Policies
This meta-research study provides a content analysis of global Open Science policies to identify how dominant narratives may reinforce existing power imbalances. It highlights how institutional policy framing often serves the interests of established global powers while potentially marginalizing the knowledge systems of the Global South.
The (Non)Academic Community Forming around Replications: Mapping the International Open Science space via its Replication Initiatives
This study maps the international landscape of replication initiatives to illustrate how the movement has evolved into a transdisciplinary community. It provides evidence of the diverse stakeholders involved, including non-academic actors and commercial publishers, showing how replication concerns have expanded beyond specific scientific fields.
Public–private partnerships and beyond: Potential for innovation and sustainable development
This article surveys the role of public-private partnerships as drivers of innovation and sustainable development, particularly within the European regulatory context. It examines how policy reforms and specialization strategies have been used to facilitate these collaborations during periods of public budget constraints.
How Will Open Science Impact on University-Industry Collaboration?
This publication examines the shifting dynamics between university researchers and industry partners in the context of the open science movement. It specifically analyzes how demands for open data and transparency challenge traditional knowledge exchange models based on closed partnerships and restrictive intellectual property rights.
The value of public-private collaborative real-world evidence platforms to monitor vaccine performance post authorization: DRIVE - a European initiative
This resource argues for the benefits of using public-private partnership platforms to generate real-world evidence for monitoring vaccine performance after authorization. It specifically calls for a structured debate to clarify stakeholder responsibilities and to address the underlying causes of institutional hesitancy toward these collaborative models.
An open toolkit for tracking open science partnership implementation and impact
This resource presents a practical toolkit designed to help institutions and firms track the implementation and socio-economic impact of open science partnerships. It provides a structured set of metrics to evaluate various open practices, such as data sharing and the removal of intellectual property barriers, across diverse research collaborations.
The fall of the innovation empire and its possible rise through open science
This resource argues that open science partnerships are a necessary mechanism to reverse the declining effectiveness and rising costs of the global innovation system. By analyzing a century of empirical literature on researcher productivity, it provides a strategic framework for collaborative research designed to restore science’s ability to generate broad social and economic benefits.
Open Science and Its Enemies: Challenges for a Sustainable Science–Society Social Contract
This resource analyzes the historical evolution of the social contract between science and society, positioning open science as a vital safeguard for scientific legitimacy and the public good. It identifies key systemic challenges to this contract and argues for a renewed institutional commitment to transparency to ensure the long-term sustainability of the scientific enterprise.
McKibban, A. R., & Steltenpohl, C. N. (2019). Community organizing, partnerships, and coalitions. In L. A. Jason, O. Glantsman, J. F. O’Brien, & K. N. Ramian (Eds.), Introduction to Community Psychology. Rebus. https://press.rebus.community/introductiontocommunitypsychology/chapter/community-organizing-partnerships-and-coalitions/
Okafor, I. A., Mbagwu, S. I., Chia, T., Hasim, Z., Udokanma, E. E., & Chandran, K. (2022). Institutionalizing open science in Africa: Limitations and prospects. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 7, 855198. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frma.2022.855198/full
Open data partnerships between firms and universities: The role of boundary organizations
Through an inductive study of the Structural Genomics Consortium, this paper provides evidence on how 'boundary organizations' facilitate successful open data collaborations between universities and private firms. It details the specific organizational strategies used to resolve tensions between proprietary interests and academic motivations, offering a empirical model for pre-competitive R&D.
Shaw, D. L. (2017). Focus: Drug development: Is open science the future of drug development? The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 90(1), 147. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5369032/
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Reflexivity and positionality
31 / 31Examines how the social positions, values, and relationships shape research questions, design, data collection, analysis, and reporting.
Experimenter as automaton; experimenter as human: exploring the position of the researcher in scientific research
This paper critiques the push for mechanical objectivity in scientific research, which often associates researcher subjectivity with low quality. It argues for the importance of reflexivity in both quantitative and qualitative traditions to better account for the researcher's position in the production of knowledge.
Subjectivity is a Feature, not a Flaw: A Call to Unsilence the Human Element in Science
This resource advocates for the recognition of researcher subjectivity as an inherent and valuable component of science rather than a contaminant to be purged. It challenges the traditional myth of the detached scientist and encourages the explicit use of reflexivity to enhance scientific integrity.
Open With Care! Consent, Context, and Co-production in Open Qualitative Research
This resource responds to scholarly critiques of the Netherlands Code of Conduct for Research Integrity, arguing that the existing code remains a justified and functional framework for ethical practice. It contributes to the broader debate on research ethics by clarifying the purpose and limitations of national integrity policies.
Challenges of Critical Reflection: ‘Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained’
This paper provides pedagogical reflections on the challenges and risks involved in teaching critical reflection to social work and health professionals. It examines how these cultural challenges can be managed by educators to turn potential resistance into productive learning opportunities.
From understanding to insight: using reflexivity to promote students’ learning of qualitative research
This study provides empirical evidence on how students develop reflexive skills by analyzing journals from a qualitative research course. It identifies three distinct dimensions of reflexivity that facilitate the transition from theoretical understanding to deep, insightful learning.
Ethics, Reflexivity, and “Ethically Important Moments” in Research
This article distinguishes between "procedural ethics" and "ethics in practice," offering a conceptual framework for navigating unpredictable ethical moments that occur during the research process. It highlights reflexivity as a crucial bridge between formal institutional requirements and the daily realities of interacting with research participants.
In search of a critical stance: Applying qualitative research practices for critical quantitative research in psychology
This paper describes how qualitative practices like memoing and positionality documentation can be applied to quantitative psychology to align the work with critical epistemological stances. It offers practical guidance for researchers to archive their decision-making processes and acknowledge their subjective influence on data interpretation.
Reflexivity in quantitative research: A rationale and beginner's guide
This resource serves as a primer for quantitative researchers to integrate reflexivity into their workflow, explaining its importance for rigor while providing actionable steps for beginners. It bridges a traditional methodological gap by adapting self-reflection techniques for use in quantitative research designs.
Doing reflexivity in psychological research: What’s the point? What’s the practice?
This article provides an introductory guide to reflexivity within psychology, clarifying its definition and practical application for researchers new to qualitative methods. It distinguishes reflexive activity from other critical thinking practices and offers a framework based on perspectival location to improve the transparency of the research process.
Embracing the Spiral
This resource reflects on a collaborative pedagogical process where graduate students and their supervisor developed the "reflexivity spiral" framework to interrogate their social locations. It illustrates how personal backgrounds and sociopolitical contexts dynamically shape research motivations and methodologies across various critical research traditions.
Pham, J., Perry-Wilson, T., Holmes, K., Schroeder, G., Reyes, A., & Pollok, M. (2025). The power of decolonizing research practices. The Professional Counselor, 15(1). https://tpcjournal.nbcc.org/the-power-of-decolonizing-research-practices
Shedding the cloak of neutrality: A guide for reflexive practices to make the sciences more inclusive and just
This resource provides a practical guide for environmental scientists to implement reflexive practices, aimed at acknowledging how their personal positionality and social context influence knowledge production. It offers specific strategies for researchers to challenge the assumption of scientific neutrality and address epistemic oppression within their field.
Ethical dilemmas and reflexivity in qualitative research
This resource provides actionable insights into the practice of reflexivity by sharing and debating the ethical challenges encountered during qualitative research projects. It offers a model for how researchers can navigate difficult decision-making moments and maintain ethical integrity through constant, critical self-reflection.
Experimenter as automaton; experimenter as human: exploring the position of the researcher in scientific research
This paper critiques the push for mechanical objectivity in scientific research, which often associates researcher subjectivity with low quality. It argues for the importance of reflexivity in both quantitative and qualitative traditions to better account for the researcher's position in the production of knowledge.
Subjectivity is a Feature, not a Flaw: A Call to Unsilence the Human Element in Science
This resource advocates for the recognition of researcher subjectivity as an inherent and valuable component of science rather than a contaminant to be purged. It challenges the traditional myth of the detached scientist and encourages the explicit use of reflexivity to enhance scientific integrity.
Open With Care! Consent, Context, and Co-production in Open Qualitative Research
This resource responds to scholarly critiques of the Netherlands Code of Conduct for Research Integrity, arguing that the existing code remains a justified and functional framework for ethical practice. It contributes to the broader debate on research ethics by clarifying the purpose and limitations of national integrity policies.
Challenges of Critical Reflection: ‘Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained’
This paper provides pedagogical reflections on the challenges and risks involved in teaching critical reflection to social work and health professionals. It examines how these cultural challenges can be managed by educators to turn potential resistance into productive learning opportunities.
From understanding to insight: using reflexivity to promote students’ learning of qualitative research
This study provides empirical evidence on how students develop reflexive skills by analyzing journals from a qualitative research course. It identifies three distinct dimensions of reflexivity that facilitate the transition from theoretical understanding to deep, insightful learning.
Ethics, Reflexivity, and “Ethically Important Moments” in Research
This article distinguishes between "procedural ethics" and "ethics in practice," offering a conceptual framework for navigating unpredictable ethical moments that occur during the research process. It highlights reflexivity as a crucial bridge between formal institutional requirements and the daily realities of interacting with research participants.
In search of a critical stance: Applying qualitative research practices for critical quantitative research in psychology
This paper describes how qualitative practices like memoing and positionality documentation can be applied to quantitative psychology to align the work with critical epistemological stances. It offers practical guidance for researchers to archive their decision-making processes and acknowledge their subjective influence on data interpretation.
Social Identity Map: A Reflexivity Tool for Practicing Explicit Positionality in Critical Qualitative Research
The authors introduce the Social Identity Map as a visual tool to help qualitative researchers systematically identify and reflect on their specific social locations. This resource provides a structured method for translating the abstract concept of positionality into a tangible practice that informs data collection and analysis.
Reflexivity in quantitative research: A rationale and beginner's guide
This resource serves as a primer for quantitative researchers to integrate reflexivity into their workflow, explaining its importance for rigor while providing actionable steps for beginners. It bridges a traditional methodological gap by adapting self-reflection techniques for use in quantitative research designs.
Kapiszewski, D., & Wood, E. J. (2021). Ethics, Epistemology, and Openness in Research with Human Participants. Perspectives on Politics, 20(3), 948–964.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592720004703
Doing reflexivity in psychological research: What’s the point? What’s the practice?
This article provides an introductory guide to reflexivity within psychology, clarifying its definition and practical application for researchers new to qualitative methods. It distinguishes reflexive activity from other critical thinking practices and offers a framework based on perspectival location to improve the transparency of the research process.
Embracing the Spiral
This resource reflects on a collaborative pedagogical process where graduate students and their supervisor developed the "reflexivity spiral" framework to interrogate their social locations. It illustrates how personal backgrounds and sociopolitical contexts dynamically shape research motivations and methodologies across various critical research traditions.
POSITIONALITY STATEMENTS ARE JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG: MOVING TOWARDS A REFLEXIVE PROCESS
This editorial presents and clarifies the Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering’s policy requiring positionality statements for all published research. It emphasizes that these statements are a necessary step toward a deeper reflexive process within STEM education, rather than a mere administrative requirement.
Pham, J., Perry-Wilson, T., Holmes, K., Schroeder, G., Reyes, A., & Pollok, M. (2025). The power of decolonizing research practices. The Professional Counselor, 15(1). https://tpcjournal.nbcc.org/the-power-of-decolonizing-research-practices
Prosser, A., (2025). Unheard, or unspoken? How listening to qualitative researcher voices will shape the future of open research [Plenary slides]. In Qualitative Open Science: Challenges, Opportunities, Tensions, and Synergies (Plenary session). Community of Practice for Naturally Occurring Data. https://osf.io/vnm7p
Prosser, A., (2025). Unheard, or unspoken? How listening to qualitative researcher voices will shape the future of open research [Video]. In Qualitative Open Science: Challenges, Opportunities, Tensions, and Synergies (Plenary session). Community of Practice for Naturally Occurring Data. https://osf.io/pxcy5
Ethical dilemmas and reflexivity in qualitative research
This resource provides actionable insights into the practice of reflexivity by sharing and debating the ethical challenges encountered during qualitative research projects. It offers a model for how researchers can navigate difficult decision-making moments and maintain ethical integrity through constant, critical self-reflection.
Rethinking Transparency and Rigor from a Qualitative Open Science Perspective
This paper critiques the quantitative-centric definition of transparency in open science, arguing that current frameworks do not align with the epistemic goals of qualitative research. It proposes a broader perspective that emphasizes researcher reflexivity and contextual data interpretation as essential components of rigor.
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Research with students (under- and graduate)
17 / 17Examines structured ways to involve undergraduates and postgraduates in research, course-based projects, lab apprenticeships, and multi-site replications/consortia. Covers pedagogy, supervision and authorship practices, training in open and reproducible methods, and evaluation of learning, equity, and research quality.
Teaching Constructive Replications in the Social Sciences
This resource outlines how constructive replications can be integrated into social science curricula as a learning-by-doing pedagogical tool. It emphasizes the dual benefit of improving students' methodological skills while contributing to the self-correcting nature of scientific research.
Eleven years of student replication projects provide evidence on the correlates of replicability in psychology
This paper provides a new dataset and empirical analysis of 176 student-led replication projects conducted over eleven years to identify correlates of replication success in psychology. It demonstrates that graduate-level course projects can generate high-quality meta-research data that helps address the difficulty of conducting large-scale independent replication studies.
To Co-Author or Not to Co-Author: How to Write, Publish, and Negotiate Issues of Authorship with Undergraduate Research Students
This resource provides actionable strategies and practical advice for faculty on navigating the complexities of co-authoring and publishing research with undergraduate students. It addresses the pedagogical value of these collaborations while offering specific guidance on negotiating authorship and overcoming common logistical challenges.
Grassroots Training for Reproducible Science: A Consortium-Based Approach to the Empirical Dissertation
This paper proposes a consortium-based model for undergraduate empirical dissertations designed to embed reproducible research practices and team science at the grassroots level of education. It details how aligning collaborative structures with student projects can shift research culture and improve the overall credibility of scientific training.
Button, K. S., Lawrence, N. S., Chambers, C. D., & Munafò, M. R. (2016). Instilling scientific rigour at the grassroots. The Psychologist, 29(3), 158-159. https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/instilling-scientific-rigour-grassroots
Reboot undergraduate courses for reproducibility
This resource argues for the fundamental restructuring of undergraduate curricula to prioritize reproducibility and open science principles from the very beginning of scientific training. It emphasizes the necessity of a cultural shift in how research methods are taught to ensure the next generation of researchers adopts robust technical and ethical standards.
How (and Whether) to Teach Undergraduates About the Replication Crisis in Psychological Science
This resource provides a validated one-hour lecture design and evaluation for introducing undergraduates to the replication crisis in psychology. It demonstrates that teaching these concepts can maintain student trust in science while improving their understanding of methodological improvements.
High impact: Examining predictors of faculty-undergraduate coauthored publication and presentation in psychology
This study identifies institutional and faculty-level predictors that correlate with successful co-authored publications and conference presentations between faculty and undergraduates in psychology. It provides empirical data on how factors like rank, experience, and mentoring enjoyment influence research outcomes for students.
Bang Jensen, B., Bresee, B., Dreier, S. K., Farrokhi, R., Gade, E. K., Jeffers, W., Morris, M. H., Pabbaraju, C. S., Salehian, K., Sharifi, A., Schuett, A., Sirikupt, C., Thomas, E., & Villa, D. (2023). The Lab as a Classroom: Advancing Faculty Research Through Undergraduate Experiential Education. PS: Political Science & Politics, 56(4), 455–462.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096523000033
Balancing Needs in Publishing With Undergraduate and Graduate Students at Doctoral Degree-Granting Universities
This resource addresses the complexities of co-publishing with students at different levels within research-intensive environments. It offers strategies for balancing the educational needs of students with the professional requirements of faculty publication.
Increasing Research Productivity in Undergraduate Research Experiences: Exploring Predictors of Collaborative Faculty–Student Publications
This study examines predictors of collaborative faculty-student publications based on survey data from faculty at numerous research-intensive institutions. It identifies key factors such as faculty commitment and disciplinary differences that influence the success of mentored undergraduate research products.
Norcross, J. C. (2014). Getting involved in research as an undergraduate: Nuts and bolts. Psychology Student Network. The American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/ed/precollege/psn/2014/01/research-undergraduate.
<scp>Co‐authoring</scp> with undergraduate students: An emerging process from the <scp>semi‐periphery</scp> of the world of science
This paper explores the pedagogical process of faculty-undergraduate co-authorship, specifically focusing on the unique challenges and opportunities within the 'semi-periphery' of the global scientific community. It highlights how these collaborative publishing practices can be institutionalized outside of dominant Western academic contexts to benefit both students and faculty.
Teaching open and reproducible scholarship: a critical review of the evidence base for current pedagogical methods and their outcomes
This resource provides a critical synthesis of existing research regarding the impact of open science training on undergraduate and postgraduate student outcomes. It evaluates the effectiveness of various pedagogical methods and identifies current gaps in the evidence base for teaching reproducible research practices.
UK Psychology PhD researchers’ knowledge, perceptions, and experiences of open science
This study presents empirical findings from a mixed-methods survey of UK-based psychology PhD researchers regarding their knowledge and adoption of open science practices. It identifies specific barriers and training needs, offering data-driven insights into how to better support the next generation of researchers in this field.
Care-full and reproducible research: Teaching research skills and ethics to undergraduate researchers using critical replication studies
This article details a pedagogical framework for teaching research ethics and reproducibility through the implementation of course-based replication studies. It emphasizes a 'care-full' approach that encourages students to critically evaluate study motivations and generalizability while gaining hands-on experimental experience.
Publishing Research With Undergraduate Students via Replication Work: The Collaborative Replications and Education Project
This resource describes the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP), which provides a structured framework for incorporating high-quality replication research into undergraduate education. It outlines how the project benefits students by providing publication opportunities and practical training in open science practices.
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Science communication and public outreach
6 / 6We should not do science so it stays among scientists, we should do science so it reaches and impacts the general population, as well as funding agencies, community members, interested parties, and policy makers. Effective science communication builds trust in science and counteracts misinformation.
Science Communication
This book provides a comprehensive overview of modern science communication practices through a series of diverse case studies and examples ranging from citizen science to social media. It explores the relationship between scientists and the public, reflecting on how communication shapes scientific culture and professional identity.
From Open Access to Open Science: The Path From Scientific Reality to Open Scientific Communication
This publication reports on a self-experiment investigating the feasibility of making the entire development process of a doctoral thesis transparent and open-access. It evaluates the practical potential for researchers to use open licenses to ensure scientific work is traceable and freely accessible from inception to final form.
The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication
This handbook provides a multi-disciplinary overview of the science of science communication, examining the factors that influence public understanding and the challenges facing the scientific community. It explores topics ranging from media structures and historical controversies to the integrity of the peer-review process and scientific retraction.
Bridging science communication and open science—Working inclusively toward the common good
This essay advocates for the integration of Open Science and Science Communication practices to strengthen the relationship between science and society. It proposes a conceptual framework to bridge the gap between these two historically disconnected communities, aiming to foster more inclusive and mutually beneficial engagement.
Forcing a Deterministic Frame on Probabilistic Phenomena: A Communication Blind Spot in Media Coverage of the “Replication Crisis”
This article critiques the deterministic way in which media outlets report on the replication crisis, arguing that such framing ignores the inherent statistical uncertainty of scientific results. It highlights how oversimplified success-or-failure narratives can erode public trust and calls for communication that emphasizes the cumulative, probabilistic nature of evidence.
Science communication and the issue of trust
This resource examines how the proliferation of diverse actors in the modern 'ecology of communication'—including PR experts, government bodies, and institutions—has complicated the landscape of science communication. It highlights the potential erosion of trust when scientific messaging is perceived to be influenced by special interests or institutional branding rather than pure research dissemination.
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Slow Science/Slow Scholarship
11 / 11The scientific process is characterized by its methodical, deliberate nature, aimed at the comprehensive understanding of phenomena rather than the immediate resolution of societal issues. This approach, prioritizing the pursuit of knowledge over the fulfillment of performance targets, facilitates the development of trust between researchers and various stakeholders, including the academic community and the general public. It emphasizes the importance of inclusivity, ensuring that research outcomes are beneficial across diverse groups, particularly those that have been historically marginalized. The emphasis is placed on thoroughness and precision within the research process, rather than the rapidity of outcomes.
Taking time to savour the rewards of slow science
This piece advocates for the adoption of 'slow science' principles, emphasizing the qualitative rewards and scientific benefits of taking more time for research. It encourages researchers to resist the pressure of high-speed productivity in favor of professional fulfillment and thoroughness.
In support of slow science: Robust, open, and multidisciplinary
This resource makes the case for slow science by linking it to increased research robustness, openness, and the ability to conduct meaningful multidisciplinary work. It argues that slowing down allows for more rigorous methodology and better alignment with the core values of open science.
Fast Lane to Slow Science
This article discusses the transition from a high-pressure, 'fast' academic culture to a 'slow science' approach, focusing on how this shift benefits the scientific enterprise. It provides a perspective on balancing the systemic demands of modern academia with the need for thoughtful, high-quality research.
Slow ethnography: A hut with a view
This resource explores the 'liberatory potential' of slow ethnography, drawing on two decades of fieldwork in the Maya lowlands to illustrate the value of place-based research. It argues that a slower pace allows researchers to better apply frameworks for 'studying up, down, and sideways,' leading to deeper intellectual and personal insights.
A Call for Slow Scholarship: A Case Study on the Intensification of Academic Life and Its Implications for Pedagogy
This resource uses survey data from academic staff to provide empirical evidence of how the intensification of academic life impacts teaching and professional well-being. It utilizes these findings to support a case for 'slow scholarship' as a necessary response to the pressures of the modern neoliberal university.
Amateur Science in Activist Performance: Towards a Slow Science
This article advocates for the integration of activist performance and the concept of the 'amateur' into scientific practice as a way to achieve a more reflective 'slow science.' It argues that artistic gestures and vocabularies can provide a critical counter-discourse to standard models of public engagement and citizen science.
Slow Delphi: An investigation into information behaviour and the Slow Movement
The authors introduce the 'Slow Delphi,' a novel methodological tool designed to elicit deep qualitative insights on complex topics through a more paced and reflective expert consensus process. The resource demonstrates this tool's application within the field of information science to explore how 'slow' principles can be integrated into professional information behavior.
Being ‘Lazy’ and Slowing Down: Toward decolonizing time, our body, and pedagogy
This article proposes a pedagogical shift that centers embodied learning and the disruption of Eurocentric, neoliberal temporalities in the classroom. It provides a theoretical framework for educators to use 'slowing down' as a deliberate decolonizing practice that reconnects the physical body with the intellectual mind.
Misinterpretation of ‘slow science’ and ‘academic productivism’ may obstruct science in developing countries
This publication critiques the potential misapplication of 'slow science' and 'academic productivism' critiques within the specific context of developing countries. It warns that these concepts, if misinterpreted, could inadvertently create barriers to scientific development and institutional growth in regions with different academic pressures than the Global North.
Writing Slow Ontology
This resource proposes the concept of "Slow Ontology" as a philosophical framework for rethinking scholarly existence in response to the escalating pace of academic production. It argues for a shift from merely slowing down productivity to adopting a more deliberate way of "scholarly being" that prioritizes quality and depth over efficiency.
Academic life in the fast lane: The experience of time and speed in British academia
This article presents empirical findings on how academics in the United Kingdom experience time and speed, distinguishing between oppressive systemic acceleration and rare energizing moments. It contributes to the literature by exploring the specific psychological and professional ambivalence that arises from the high-pressure environment of contemporary academia.
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Types of academic, non-academic, & alt-academic positions
7 / 7There are many interesting career options beyond academia for those who are currently in the academic system. These can be research based (e.g. research for non-profit and for-profit organisations), teaching based (e.g. in schools, applied higher-education, and universities), science communication roles, data related roles (e.g. data steward, FAIR advocates, data scientist), and beyond!
Fed up and burnt out: ‘quiet quitting’ hits academia
This piece examines the emergence of the 'quiet quitting' trend within the academic workforce as a response to systemic burnout and exhaustion. It discusses how researchers are increasingly setting boundaries on their labor as a survival mechanism against the industry's traditional culture of overwork.
Lessons for psychology laboratories from industrial laboratories
This resource identifies specific practices from industrial laboratory settings that can be adapted to improve data collection and quality within psychology and cognitive neuroscience laboratories. It offers actionable suggestions for researchers to enhance the technical rigor of their experimental processes to help mitigate the field's 'crisis of confidence.'
Postdocs in crisis: science cannot risk losing the next generation
This publication makes a forceful case for addressing the systemic crises facing postdoctoral researchers to prevent a loss of talent that would jeopardize the future of science. It argues for the necessity of valuing and protecting the next generation of scholars by improving their career stability and working conditions.
The mental health of PhD researchers demands urgent attention
This resource advocates for systemic changes to improve the mental health and well-being of doctoral researchers across academia. It emphasizes that the sustainability of the research ecosystem depends on addressing the high levels of stress and burnout in PhD programs.
Seeking an ‘exit plan’ for leaving academia amid coronavirus worries
This article provides an overview of the factors influencing researchers to seek career opportunities outside of academia in the wake of the global pandemic. It details the increasing interest in "exit plans" as a response to institutional instability and the precarious nature of academic employment.
Nature. (2023, March 15). Careers advice from scientists in industry. https://www.nature.com/collections/cgahibcfad
Quality research needs good working conditions
This publication makes the case that high-quality, reproducible research is fundamentally tied to the structural working conditions and well-being of researchers. It calls for institutional reforms that prioritize labor stability and mental health as essential prerequisites for maintaining scientific integrity and rigor.