DAGitty is a browser-based environment for creating, editing, and analyzing causal diagrams (also known as directed acyclic graphs or causal Bayesian networks). The focus is on the use of causal diagrams for minimizing bias in empirical studies in …
Background. Attribution to the original contributor upon reuse of published data is important both as a reward for data creators and to document the provenance of research findings. Previous studies have found that papers with publicly available …
This paper is a study of the decisions that researchers take during the execution of a research plan: their researcher discretion. Flexible research methods are generally seen as undesirable, and many methodologists urge to eliminate these so-called …
The concept of validity has suffered because the term has been used to refer to 2 incompatible concerns: the degree of support for specified interpretations of test scores (i.e., intended score meaning) and the degree of support for specified …
This guide offers detailed instructions for calculating effect sizes and confidence intervals, which are frequently utilized in the social and behavioral sciences. It provides background information, useful tools, and advice for situations in which …
The designing, collecting, analyzing, and reporting of psychological studies entail many choices that are often arbitrary. The opportunistic use of these so-called researcher degrees of freedom aimed at obtaining statistically significant results is …