交互谬误 [Interaction Fallacy]

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定义: 交互谬误是一种统计错误，指未经过正式检验就判定一个显著的相关与一个不显著的相关（或其他指标，例如优势比）之间存在差异。当研究者假定一个显著的相关系数与一个不显著的相关系数之间存在统计学上的显著差异，却未对这一比较进行明确统计检验时，就会出现此类错误。

相关术语: Comparison of Correlations, Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST), Statistical Validity, Type I error, Type II error

参考文献:

  • Gelman, A., & Stern, H. (2006). The difference between “significant” and “not significant” is not itself statistically significant. The American Statistician, 60(4), 328–331. https://doi.org/10.1198/000313006X152649
  • Morabia, A., Have, T. T., & Landis, J. R. (1997). Interaction Fallacy. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 50(7), 809–812. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(97)00053-X
  • Nieuwenhuis, S., Forstmann, B. U., & Wagenmakers, E. J. (2011). Erroneous analyses of interactions in neuroscience: a problem of significance. Nature Neuroscience, 14(9), 1105–1107. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2886

原稿作者: Graham Reid

审阅者: Ali H. Al-Hoorie, Mahmoud Elsherif, Kai Krautter, Sam Parsons

翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)

译稿审阅者: Xuejun Ryan Ji, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin