假名化 [Pseudonymisation]
定义: 假名化处理是指通过替换或删除可识别研究对象身份的信息，同时保留编码与标识符组合以实现可追溯性的技术。该流程包含三个步骤：（1）从研究数据集中删除所有直接标识符；（2）为每位参与者分配专属标识符（假名）并标记研究记录；（3）在与数据集物理隔离的独立文档中保存密以关联编码和参与者。假名化处理是伦理委员会对人类参与者研究或涉密信息研究的基本要求，以确保数据隐私保护。
相关术语: Anonymity, Confidentiality, Data privacy, De-identification, Pseudonymisation, Research ethics
参考文献:
- Mourby, M., Mackey, E., Elliot, M., Gowans, H., Wallace, S. E., Bell, J., Smith, H., Aidinlis, S., & Kaye, J. (2018). Are ‘pseudonymised’ data always personal data? Implications of the GDPR for administrative data research in the UK. Computer Law & Security Review, 34(2), 222–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2018.01.002
- Medical Research Council. (2019). Identifiability, anonymisation and pseudonymisation. Medical Research Council. https://mrc.ukri.org/documents/pdf/gdpr-guidance-note-5-identifiability-anonymisation-and-pseudonymisation/
原稿作者: Catia M. Oliveira
审阅者: Helena Hartmann, Sam Parsons, Charlotte R. Pennington, Birgit Schmidt
翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)
译稿审阅者: Zixi Wang, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin