共有性 [Communality]

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定义: 共有性是指科学成果与方法的共同所有权及其衍生的自由共享义务。“共有性"规范建立在这样的认知基础上：每一项科学发现都应被视为众多参与者共同努力的产物。当科学家主动向同行公开分享其新发现时，便践行了这一准则。

相关术语: Mertonian norms, Objectivity

参考文献:

  • Anderson, M. S., Ronning, E. A., Devries, R., & Martinson, B. C. (2010). Extending the Mertonian norms: Scientists’ subscription to norms of research. Journal of Higher Education, 81(3), 366–393. https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.0.0095
  • Hardwicke, T. E., Jameel, L., Jones, M., Walczak, E. J., & Weinberg, L. M. (2014). Only human: Scientists, systems, and suspect statistics. Opticon1826, 16, 25. https://doi.org/10.5334/OPT.CH
  • Merton, R. K. (1938). Science and the social order. Philosophy of Science, 5(3), 321–337. https://doi.org/10.1086/286513
  • Merton, R. K. (1942). A note on science and democracy. Journal of Legal and Political Sociology, 1, 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110375008-013

原稿作者: David Moreau

审阅者: Ashley Blake, Mahmoud Elsherif, Charlotte R. Pennington, Beatrice Valentini

翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)

译稿审阅者: Cathy Fang, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin