徽章（开放科学） [Badges (Open Science)]
定义: 徽章是一种由期刊编辑团队添加在已发表论文上的符号，用于认可作者践行开放科学实践，并激励研究者分享数据、研究材料或进行研究预注册。徽章作为清晰可见的标识，旨在向读者传达该论文内容已达到获得该徽章所要求的开放研究标准（通常由该期刊设定）。不同徽章对应不同类型的开放科学实践，例如“开放材料徽章”和“开放数据徽章”表示研究材料或数据已在可长期访问的网址公开，“预注册徽章”表示研究已进行了预注册。
相关术语: Incentives, Open Data badge, Preregistration, Triple badge
参考文献:
- Hardwicke, T. E., Bohn, M., MacDonald, K., Hembacher, E., Nuijten, M. B., Peloquin, B. N., & others. (2020). Analytic reproducibility in articles receiving open data badges at the journal Psychological Science: an observational study. Royal Society Open Science, 8(1), 201494. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201494
- Kidwell, M. C., Lazarević, L. B., Baranski, E., Hardwicke, T. E., Piechowski, S., Falkenberg, L. S., & Nosek, B. A. (2016). Badges to acknowledge open practices: A simple, low-cost, effective method for increasing transparency. PLoS Biology, 14(5), e1002456. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002456
原稿作者: Jacob Miranda
审阅者: Brett Gall, Helena Hartmann, Mariella Paul, Charlotte R. Pennington, Lisa Spitzer, Suzanne L. K. Stewart
翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)
译稿审阅者: Cathy Fang, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin