普遍性限制 [Constraints on Generality (COG)]

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定义: 普遍性限制是一个关于研究结论适用范围的界定声明，需明确说明研究结果所针对的目标群体及其适用条件。研究者应当清晰阐述其研究结论推广的潜在边界条件（Simons et al., 2017），同时详细描述样本群体的具体特征和/或可能影响研究结果的情境因素，以便后续复现研究能够充分考虑这些变量（Brandt et al., 2014）。凡未在声明中明确列出的条件，均视为对研究效应可复现性无关。

相关术语: BIZARRE, Diversity, Equity, Generalizability, Inclusion, Reproducibility, Replication, STRANGE, WEIRD

参考文献:

  • Busse, C., Kach, A. P., & Wagner, S. M. (2017). Boundary Conditions: What They Are, How to Explore Them, Why We Need Them, and When to Consider Them. Organizational Research Methods, 20(4), 574–609. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428116641191
  • Brandt, M. J., IJzerman, H., Dijksterhuis, A., Farach, F. J., Geller, J., Giner-Sorolla, R., & others. (2014). The replication recipe: What makes for a convincing replication? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 50, 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2013.10.005
  • Simons, D. J., Shoda, Y., & Lindsay, D. S. (2017). Constraints on generality (COG): A proposed addition to all empirical papers. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(6), 1123–1128. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617708630
  • Yarkoni, T. (2020). The generalizability crisis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X20001685

原稿作者: Mahmoud Elsherif

审阅者: Ali H. Al-Hoorie, Jamie P. Cockcroft, Sam Parsons, Charlotte R. Pennington, Timo Roettger

翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)

译稿审阅者: Cathy Fang, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin