统计模型 [Model (statistical)]

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定义: 统计模型是对观察数据的数学表示，旨在反应研究总体，帮助理解现象、识别变量间关系，并预测未来实例。一个经典例子是利用卡方检验研究吸烟与癌症的关系（Doll & Hill, 1954）。

相关术语: Bayesian Inference, Model (computational), Model (philosophy), Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST)

参考文献:

  • Doll, R., & Hill, A. B. (1954). The mortality of doctors in relation to their smoking habits; a preliminary report. British Medical Journal, 1(4877), 1451–1455. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.4877.1451

原稿作者: Jamie P. Cockcroft

审阅者: Alaa AlDoh, Mahmoud Elsherif, Meng Liu, Catia M. Oliveira, Charlotte R. Pennington

翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)

译稿审阅者: Xinyu Wang, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin