论文工厂 [Papermill]
定义: 论文工厂指从事学术不端行为的组织，其通过伪造或捏造数据、篡改图表或剽窃文字内容等手段，发表多篇文章。这些组织据称可以提供从研究数据到代写、伪造或捏造论文及投稿服务（Byrne & Christopher, 2020, p. 583）。论文工厂以高效生产和传播多篇“新论文”为特征。这些论文往往在科学出版流程中被忽视，要么始终未被发现，要么在被查出后撤稿（如通过剽窃检测软件）。
相关术语: Data fabrication, Data falsification, Fraud, Plagiarism, Questionable Research Practices or Questionable Reporting Practices (QRPs), Scientific misconduct, Scientific publishing
参考文献:
- Byrne, J. A., & Christopher, J. (2020). Digital magic, or the dark arts of the 21st century—how can journals and peer reviewers detect manuscripts and publications from paper mills? FEBS Letters, 594(4), 583–589. https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.13747
- Hackett, R., & Kelly, S. (2020). Publishing ethics in the era of paper mills. Biology Open, 9(10), bio056556. https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.056556
原稿作者: Helena Hartmann
审阅者: Sarah Ashcroft-Jones, Elizabeth Collins, Mahmoud Elsherif, Charlotte R. Pennington
翻译者: AI-driven translation tool "TransFlow" (developed by Jinbiao Yang and COSN OpenTransfer team)
译稿审阅者: Zixi Wang, Liangjie Chen, Ruoting Liu, Shuxian Jin