About this resource

    Type of resources
    Article
    Education level(s)
    College / Upper Division (Undergraduates), Graduate / Professional, Career / Technical, Adult Education
    Primary user(s)
    Student, Teacher
    Subject area(s)
    Life Science
    Language(s)
    English
    Cluster
    FAIR Data and Materials
    Last updated
    9 November 2026
    Article

    Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine to reduce COVID-19 infections and hospitalisations in healthcare workers – a living systematic review and prospective ALL-IN meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials

    By Judith ter Schure, Alexander Ly, Lisa Belin, Christine S. Benn, Marc J.M. Bonten, Jeffrey D. Cirillo, Johanna A.A. Damen, Inês Fronteira, Kelly D. Hendriks, Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis, André Kipnis, Odile Launay, Jose Euberto Mendez-Reyes, Judit Moldvay, Mihai G. Netea, Sebastian Nielsen, Caryn M. Upton, Gerben van den Hoogen, Jesper M. Weehuizen, Peter D. Grünwald, Henri van Werkhoven

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    Level College / Upper Division (Undergraduates), Graduate / Professional, Career / Technical, Adult Education · For Student, Teacher · Language English

    Abstract

    The ALL-IN-META-BCG-CORONA project is a prospective, living meta-analysis of clinical trials examining whether the BCG vaccine offers protection against COVID-19. It introduced a bottom-up approach to meta-analysis, emphasizing equal collaboration among all trial teams. The resulting open-access paper includes a comprehensive replication package designed to support reuse, transparency, and proper crediting of contributors. Although its goal to make supplementary materials and individual contributions more visible through platforms like ResearchEquals fell short due to citation limitations on platforms like Google Scholar and PubMed, the initiative offers valuable lessons for the open science community.

    Keywords OSCA Awards